As
I promised myself in the last line of the previous post, I have just returned yesterday afternoon from another three-day, 800 km-plus road trip in
my own car, with Firoz (and at times myself) at the wheel. This time it was to
Bodhgaya, Rajgir and Nalanda.
When
I left home at 6:30 in the morning, it was still chilly, though things heated
up rapidly after nine. I was armed with cold water and Coca Cola in a styrofoam
box, as well as paper cups and a thermos full of hot tea. The air conditioner had
been recharged lately, and the road being mostly in good condition – excellent
in places, actually, though the planned six-lane superhighway is still a work
in progress – we did the 300 odd km to Bodhgaya very comfortably in less than
six hours, despite breakfast and one big traffic jam on the way. After checking into the
hotel (booked online, all by myself: I am getting ‘smart’ in the currently
popular sense), we freshened up, lunched at the Bihar State Tourism facility
(overpriced), then went sightseeing around town.
There
is a small airport nearby, and there are foreign tourists in large numbers,
Buddhists from all over Asia, many of them obviously well heeled, and for their
sake Bodh Gaya is maintained much better than the average Bihari town. It has
helped that most of the visit-worthy places are monasteries, built and
maintained by various national governments, and frequented by big people like
the Dalai Lama and gora celebrities
of Richard Gere’s ilk. Also that the biggest draw, namely the Mahabodhi Temple,
is now an international attraction. Incredible to think that it had been quite
forgotten for six centuries since Bakhtiyar Khilji’s devastating invasion, and
the decaying ruins had been taken over by a Hindu mahant and his cohorts, until Sir Alexander Cunningham rescued it,
and began the work of restoration and research. Anagarika Dharmapala and the
then king of Burma did their bits to turn it into the Mecca of Buddhists once
more. I sat in the compound on a mattress at sundown alongwith thousands of
other praying pilgrims, and despite myself it gave me goosebumps to see the
Bodhi tree under which the Master meditated until he attained nirvana… shameful
to learn that it was a Bengali, King Sasanka, who had burnt the original tree.
The
temperature fell swiftly at night. My hotel was located somewhat afar from the
town centre, so there was a lot of dark open space around, with paddy fields
and lakes and date palms, interspersed with brightly lit temples which made for
a fairyland scene. We dined simply and cheaply at a roadside eatery which was
named – predictably – Buddha CafĂ©. A walk in the quiet chilly night, then early
to bed. It would be only a slight exaggeration to say that I was asleep before
my head hit the pillow, though it was barely past ten o’ clock!
Early
rising next morning, and we drove off to Rajgir, eighty km away. The road is
beautiful in parts, especially when it is passing through hills, though the
little towns we passed through were choc a bloc with noisy and totally chaotic
traffic – nobody wears helmets, nobody obeys rules, autowallahs bicker with
truckers like equals, and nobody pays the slightest attention to the police (we
were joking about how utterly irrelevant Modi and his government is to this
real India). We stopped at Gehlaur to see the handiwork of Dashrath Manjhi the
‘mountain man’, who worked singlehandedly for 22 years with hammer and chisel to carve a pass through a hill, reducing a trip to the nearest hospital
by 40 km, after his injured wife died for lack of medical attention because he
couldn’t carry her to a doctor in time. Feminists should think about this. It
is both stupid and gross to take note only of men who beat their wives. And it
says everything one needs to know about India that we worship creatures like
SRK and MS Dhoni, while this man has not yet got a posthumous Padma Sree as
recommended by the Bihar government, not even after the movie about him.
Rajgir
was hot and crowded and dirty, though they have maintained a lot of little
places of historical/mythical interest to pull crowds. The Vishwa Shanti stupa
atop a hill, best reached by ropeway, is a nice place to see: it reminded me
strongly of the almost identical shrine at Dhaulagiri in Odisha. I looked up all
sorts of places – Venuvan the bamboo grove where the Buddha lived for some time
after the Enlightenment, the Saptaparni caves where the First Buddhist Council
was held, the Brahma Kund, the fabled treasury of King Bimbisara, and even
older places, such as the akhara
where Bhima of Mahabharata fame wrestled and killed king Jarasandha of Magadha.
This place, after all, has very ancient antecedents: as Rajagriha, abode of the
king, it was a large and flourishing city even in the seventh century BC, and
it began to decline only after Ajatashatru moved the capital to Pataliputra
near modern Patna.
It
was a ten km drive to the ruins of the ancient university of Nalanda.
Apparently some new discoveries have been made during excavations by
Archaeological Survey of India experts even after Independence – housed carefully
in the museum opposite the ruins – and now that UNESCO has made it a World
Heritage Site, they are maintaining it very carefully. I wish I did not have to
saunter around under a pitilessly blazing sun, and I consoled myself with the
thought that it would be quite impossible a month from now. Any thought of
Nalanda (or Takshashila, or Vikramshila for that matter) makes me wonder and
sigh that there used to be a time when India was not just fabled for her
material wealth, but for the kind of deep and diverse knowledge that drew
scholars (including the likes of Fa Hsien, Xuanxang and I Tsing) from near and
far. Art, science, education, breaking down social barriers like caste, spread
of vernaculars and caring for flora and
fauna – India has much to be grateful to Buddhism for. And though I have read
all about the revival of Hinduism and the Muslim scourge, I still cannot fully
figure out why it virtually vanished from India, nor why Babasaheb Ambedkar’s
mass conversion to Buddhism in the mid-20th century, followed by its
worldwide revival, has so far failed to usher in a new golden age for Buddhism
here. Their stress on simple living, silence, cleanliness and social welfare
work would have made a huge change for the better in this country.
It
was a nearly eleven hour round trip, for about five of which I was on my feet
in the hot sun, climbing up and down stairs and scrambling over uneven ground,
so my legs had started playing up, and I was dog tired. A quick bath, dinner
and I sank into eight hours of the dreamless again. Next morning, a quick
roadside breakfast, followed by a visit to the last of the monasteries – the Mongolian
this time – and the museum, where I was the first arrival of the day. They have
preserved a lot of late Buddhist and Pala era (‘Nalanda style’) artwork there,
though much of it has been vandalized and damaged, as much by centuries of Hindu
neglect as by the Muslim depredations. Pathetic that museums attract virtually
nobody in this country: we are all for cinemas, shopping malls and circuses. And
yet our parents are drumming it night and day into the ears of their children
how wise they are, and how the kids ought to learn about civilization from
them. Without the British, who started by calling us monkeys, we would not have
had any civilization to boast about, only ‘sacred traditions’ like burning
widows and shitting in the open and flattery and bribery to get jobs…
Then
it was the long drive all through the afternoon back home. My poor car, though
performing admirably all the way, had suffered a broken seal in the steering
assembly, so we had to keep topping up with hydraulic fluid every now and then.
Still, we were neither stopped nor delayed. Lunch at Khalsa Hotel in Dhanbad,
and we were home by 3:30 p.m. Summer has arrived, and some early birds in Bihar
have, I noticed, started playing Holi already. Thus ends my holiday season –
for now.
For
photos, click here. I shall be glad if some people write comments, perhaps
mentioning highlights of their own travelling experience.